Ceramic Tensile Strength

Ceramic materials offer a number of benefits in a variety of applications.

Ceramic tensile strength.

Standard test method for tensile strength of monolithic advanced ceramics at ambient temperatures. The properties and the processing of ceramics are largely affected by their grain sizes and shapes and characteristics such as density hardness mechanical strength and optical properties strongly correlate with the microstructure of the sintered piece. For a metal the compressive strength is near that of the tensile strength while for a ceramic the compressive strength may be 10 times the tensile strength. Tensile strength σ psi compressive strength σ psi flexural strength σ psi modulus of elasticity e 10 6 psi porcelain.

Ceramics tend to be weak in tension but strong in compression. The tensile strength of ceramics and glasses is low because the existing flaws internal or surface cracks act as stress concentrators. Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating selected and refined materials often including clay in the form of kaolinite to high temperatures. Ceramics have compressive strengths about ten times higher than their tensile strength.

For a metal the compressive strength is near that of the tensile strength while for a ceramic the compressive strength may be 10 times the tensile strength. Ceramics containing a single phase are usually stronger than those with several phases. They provide high wear heat and corrosion resistance as well as high tensile strength volume resistivity dielectric strength and modulus of elasticity. Usually ceramic strength is tested using a four point bend test.

Cmc materials with a low fiber content down to zero have a high bending strength close to the strength of the monolithic ceramic but no elongation beyond 0 05 under tensile load. Ceramic materials are usually assumed linear elastic up to failure and the failure criterion is accustomed to be a limit condition related to the tensile strength. Standard test method for elevated temperature tensile creep strain creep strain rate and creep time to failure for monolithic advanced ceramics.